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使用freebsd-update 升级FreeBSD从FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p5到FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE

先升级小版本

准备升级前，先把当前的小版本升级到顶，比如现在是FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p5，先升级到最新的14.1版本，使用命令：

# freebsd-update fetch
# freebsd-update install

如果不顺利，可能需要源码更新。

几分钟之后升级完成。

但是uname -a看版本，还没变。那当然啊，还没重启啊.

升级到14.2版本

sudo freebsd-update upgrade -r 14.2-RELEASE

提示

src component not installed, skipped
Looking up update.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 3 mirrors found.
Fetching metadata signature for 14.1-RELEASE from update2.freebsd.org... done.
Fetching metadata index... done.
Fetching 1 metadata patches. done.
Applying metadata patches... done.
Inspecting system... done.The following components of FreeBSD seem to be installed:
kernel/generic kernel/generic-dbg world/base world/lib32The following components of FreeBSD do not seem to be installed:
world/base-dbg world/lib32-dbgDoes this look reasonable (y/n)? y

Fetching metadata signature for 14.2-RELEASE from update1.freebsd.org... done.
Fetching metadata index... done.
Fetching 1 metadata patches. done.
Applying metadata patches... done.
Fetching 1 metadata files... done.
Inspecting system... done.
Fetching files from 14.1-RELEASE for merging... done.
Preparing to download files... done.
Fetching 4047 patches.....10....20....30....40....50....60....70...

OK！升级完成！

The following files will be updated as part of updating to
14.2-RELEASE-p3:
/bin/[
/bin/cat
/bin/chflags
/bin/chio
/bin/chmod
/bin/cp
/bin/cpuset
/bin/csh
/bin/date
/bin/dd
/bin/df
/bin/domainname
/bin/echo
/bin/ed
/bin/expr
/bin/freebsd-version
/bin/getfacl
/bin/hostname
/bin/kenv
/bin/kill
/bin/link
/bin/ln
/bin/ls
/bin/mkdir
/bin/mv
/bin/nproc
/bin/pax
To install the downloaded upgrades, run 'freebsd-update [options] install'.

把最主要的资料打包备份

tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz backup/

scp backup.tar.gz 192.168.1.5:/home/xxx/

执行freebsd-update install

# freebsd-update install

重启！

# shutdown -r now

重启后uname -a 显示还是老版本：FreeBSD x250 14.1-RELEASE-p7 FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p7 GENERIC amd64 。之所以这样，是因为重启之前忘记执行freebsd-update install 了。

总之在执行freebsd-update install之后还需要一次重启，重启之后还需要一次执行freebsd-update install

重启后再执行一次

# freebsd-update install

手册

官方升级手册：Chapter 26. Updating and Upgrading FreeBSD | FreeBSD Documentation Portal

Upgrades from one minor version of FreeBSD to another are called minor version upgrades. An example:

• FreeBSD 13.1 to 13.2.

Major version upgrades increase the major version number. An example:

• FreeBSD 13.2 to 14.0.

Both types of upgrade can be performed by providing freebsd-update with a release version target.